Overview of the Open Defecation Free (ODF) Program in the Working Area of Tegal Angus Health Center, Tangerang Regency

Abstract

Background: Open Defecation Free (ODF) is the first pillar of Indonesia's Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) program. In line with Sustainable Development Goal 6.2, Indonesia has targeted 0% open defecation, 90% sanitation access, and 15% safely managed sanitation by the end of 2024. Methods: This qualitative descriptive-phenomenological study aimed to describe the Stop Open Defecation program in the working area of Tegal Angus Health Center, Tangerang Regency. There were six informants in this study, selected purposively: the head of the health center, the environmental health officer, two environmental health cadres, and two residents of Tanjung Pasir Village. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews, observation, and document review; secondary data came from the 2020 health center profile. Data were analyzed narratively across planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation stages. Results: The program was implemented through these four stages, supported by adequate human resources, funding from operational health assistance and corporate social responsibility, and centrally issued guidance. Barriers included the absence of triggering funds that year, continued public expectation of free latrines, limited stakeholder engagement, and no use of village funds for sanitation. By 2021, all six villages had reached 100% CLTS coverage and 72.87% of 20,795 participating households had adequate sanitation facilities, yet no village had achieved Open Defecation Free (ODF) status. Conclusion: Strengthening socialization of guidelines, partnering with sanitation enterprises, sustaining community motivation, and conducting joint evaluations with village leaders are recommended.