The Relationship Between Parity and Maternal Age with the Incidence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among Pregnant Women
Keywords:
Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED),, Maternal age, Parity, Pregnant Women, MUACAbstract
Background: Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) remains a significant nutritional challenge among pregnant women in Indonesia, contributing to risks such as low birth weight and stunting. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between maternal age and parity with the incidence of CED at the Parung Panjang Community Health Centre (Puskesmas). Methods: This research was a quantitative study with an observational analytic approach and a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted from June to August 2023, utilising secondary data from the medical records of 48 pregnant women selected through purposive sampling. Nutritional status was determined by Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) measurements, with a cutoff of <23.5 cm for CED. Data were analysed using univariate and bivariate analysis (Chi-Square test) through SPSS 19.0. Results: The univariate analysis reveals a high prevalence of CED at 79.2%. The majority of respondents (70.8%) are in the non-risk age group (20–35 years), and parity is distributed equally between primipara and multipara (50% each). Bivariate analysis shows no significant relationship between maternal age and CED incidence (p = 0.948) and no significant relationship between parity and CED incidence (p = 0.477). Conclusion: The prevalence of CED in the study area is remarkably high, regardless of demographic factors. Maternal age and parity not significantly influence CED status in this population, su ggesting that other factors, such as nutritional knowledge, socio-economic status, and healthcare access, may play a more dominant role. These findings highlight the need for universal nutritional interventions for all pregnant women in the region.
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